Agric Syst 168:58–72Īnderson CR, Moore SK, Tomlinson MC, Silke J, Cusack CK (2015) Living with harmful algal blooms in a changing world: strategies for modeling and mitigating their effects in coastal marine ecosystems. Conserv Biol 32:694–705Īccatino F, Tonda A, Dross C, Léger F, Tichit M (2019) Trade-offs and synergies between livestock production and other ecosystem services. We argue that addressing smaller scales will lead to land-sharing solutions that avoid the local environmental impacts of land-sparing strategies.Īccatino F, Creed IF, Weber M (2018) Landscape consequences of aggregation rules for functional equivalence in compensatory mitigation programs. ConclusionsĪ trade-off was highlighted: larger spatial scales promoted better performance of the target ES but also spatial inequality. This indicated that different land use strategies produce different degrees of enhancement/softening of ES trade-offs/synergies. Correlations among ES variations changed with the scenarios (Spearman’s ρ between CS and CP was − 0.43 for ‘DEP’ and − 0.70 for ‘FRANCE’). This suggested that constraints at larger scales lead to ES segregation. The variability of ES variation among the SARs similarly increased. Optimized CS at the country scale increased with the spatial scale at which no-loss constraints were posed (~+ 0.51% for ‘DEP’ and ~+ 2.05% for ‘FRANCE’). We analysed differences between optimized and initial configurations. We optimised CS at the country scale posing no-loss constraints on other ESs at increasing spatial scales, i.e., SARs (scenario ‘SARs’), department (‘DEP’), administrative region (‘REG’), and France (“FRANCE”). We used a statistical model linking land use and land cover variables to ESs in French small agricultural regions (SARs).

Specifically, we investigated how carbon sequestration could be maximized at different spatial scales in France with constraints of no-loss on other ESs. We examined the influence of the spatial scale of no-loss constraints on ESs when one ES was optimised. The spatial scale at which no-loss constraints are imposed is relevant.

We invite you to visit our website, CLC Landscape Design, to learn more about us and to view photographs of our beautiful landscape projects.Managing land use to promote an ecosystem service (ES) without reducing others is challenging. Together with a wonderful and talented staff of landscape architects, designers, project managers, and craftsmen, we fulfill all of your landscape needs in a fun and easy manner. The success of CLC's design / build method is evident by our numerous thrilled clients and number of prestigious landscape awards. CLC Landscape Design has remained a leader in design / build landscaping by continuing to blend class design concepts with cutting-edge design ideas.

This concept of design / build landscaping produces superior landscapes because the designer's vision is implemented by a team of skilled craftsman trained in installing his landscapes. Within one company, CLC Landscape Design combines the vision of the landscape architect with the craftsmanship of the landscape contractor. CLC Landscape Design was founded on the belief that 'Great Landscapes Begin With Great Design Ideas.' 40 years later, we continue to operate under the same belief.

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